1 Samuel 23:12

Authorized King James Version

Then said David, Will the men of Keilah deliver me and my men into the hand of Saul? And the LORD said, They will deliver thee up.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֥אמֶר
Then said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
דָּוִ֔ד
David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#3
יַסְגִּֽירוּ׃
They will deliver thee up
to shut up; figuratively, to surrender
#4
בַּֽעֲלֵ֧י
Will the men
a master; hence, a husband, or (figuratively) owner (often used with another noun in modifications of this latter sense)
#5
קְעִילָ֛ה
of Keilah
keilah, a place in palestine
#6
אֹתִ֥י
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#7
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#8
אֲנָשַׁ֖י
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#9
בְּיַד
into the hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#10
שָׁא֑וּל
of Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#11
וַיֹּ֥אמֶר
Then said
to say (used with great latitude)
#12
יְהוָ֖ה
And the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#13
יַסְגִּֽירוּ׃
They will deliver thee up
to shut up; figuratively, to surrender

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of 1 Samuel Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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